ID   ACTB_3UT       SEQUENCES:  10; ALIGNED BASES:  1251.
AC   CU00100;
DT   26-JUN-1996  (CREATED)
DT   26-JUN-1996  (LAST UPDATE)
XX
DE   ACTIN, CYTOPLASMIC BETA, 3'UTR AND 3'FLANK.
AG   400 MYRS (ACTINOPTERYGII/SARCOPTERYGII).
LO   3'UTR (STOP CODON TO POLYADENYLATION SITE).
KW   STRUCTURAL PROTEIN; CYTOSKELETON;
XX
CC   -!- PROTEIN FUNCTION :ACTINS ARE HIGHLY CONSERVED PROTEINS THAT ARE 
CC       INVOLVED IN VARIOUS TYPES OF CELL MOTILITY AND ARE UBIQUITOUSLY 
CC       EXPRESSED IN ALL EUKARYOTIC CELLS.
XX
CC   -!- PROTEIN SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: CYTOPLASMIC.
XX
CC   -!- GENE EXPRESSION: WIDELY EXPRESSED.
XX
CC   -!- mRNA SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: SPECIFIC SUBCELLULAR LOCATION IN CHICKEN 
CC       EMBRYONIC FIBROBLASTS AND MYOBLASTS [3][4].
XX
CC   -!- BEST SCORE: 469.
XX
CC   BETA-ACTIN GENE 3'END AFFECTS TRANSCRIPTION [1][2]. BETA-ACTIN MRNA 3'UTR
CC   IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS SPECIFIC SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION [3][4].
CC
CC   BETA AND GAMMA CYTOPLASMIC ACTINS ARE FOUND IN ALL NONMUSCLE CELLS AND
CC   DIFFER BY ONLY FOUR AMINO ACIDS AT THE AMINO-TERMINAL REGION. BOTH
CC   GENES ARE REGULATED TEMPORALLY AND SPATIALLY, THOUGH NO DIFFERENCES IN
CC   PROTEIN FUNCTION HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED. THE TWO MRNAS HAVE DIFFERENT
CC   SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION IN MYOBLASTS [5]. THE TWO GENES HAVE TOTALLY
CC   DISTINCT BUT HIGHLY CONSERVED 3'UTRS (SEE CU00169). IT HAS BEEN PROPOSED
CC   THAT THE FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DIFFERENT ACTIN ISOFORMS MAY 
CC   INVOLVE THE PROPERTIES OF THEIR NONCODING REGIONS IN ADDITION TO THE
CC   DIFFERENCES IN PROTEIN SEQUENCE [6].
XX
RN   [1]
RX   MEDLINE; 88217501.
RA   Lohse P., Arnold H.H.;
RT   "The down-regulation of the chicken cytoplasmic beta actin during 
RT   myogenic differentiation does not require the gene promoter but 
RT   involves the 3' end of the gene";
RL   Nucleic Acids Res. 16:2787-803(1988).
XX
RN   [2]
RX   MEDLINE; 88144442.
RA   DePonti-Zilli L., Seiler-Tuyns A., Paterson B.M.;
RT   "A 40-base-pair sequence in the 3' end of the beta-actin gene regulates 
RT   beta-actin mRNA transcription during myogenesis";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:1389-93(1988).
XX
RN   [3]
RX   MEDLINE; 94012955.
RA   Kislauskis E.H., Li Z., Singer R.H., Taneja K.L.;
RT   "Isoform-specific 3'-untranslated sequences sort alpha-cardiac and 
RT   beta-cytoplasmic actin messenger RNAs to different cytoplasmic 
RT   compartments";
RL   J. Cell. Biol. 123:165-72(1993).
XX
RN   [4]
RX   MEDLINE; 95014735.
RA   Kislauskis E.H., Zhu X., Singer, R.H.;
RT   "Sequences responsible for intracellular localization of beta-actin 
RT   messenger RNA also affect cell phenotype";
RL   J. Cell. Biol. 127:441-451(1994).
XX
RN   [5]
RX   MEDLINE; 93352696.
RA   Hill M.A., Gunning P.;
RT   "Beta and gamma actin mRNAs are differentially located within myoblasts";
RL   J. Cell Biol. 122:825-32(1993).
XX
RN   [6]
RX   MEDLINE; 93209992.
RA   Lloyd C., Gunning P.;
RT   "Noncoding regions of the gamma-actin gene influence the impact of the
RT   gene on myoblast morphology";
RL   J. Cell Biol. 121:73-82(1993).
XX
SN   [1]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.ORYLA
SL   1016.
OS   ORYZIAS LATIPES (MEDAKA FISH).
TX   ACTINOPTERYGII (BONY FISHES).
DR   EMBL; S74868. gene; beta-actin
XX
SN   [2]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.SPAAU
SL   678.
OS   SPARUS AURATA (GILTHEAD SEA BREAM).
TX   ACTINOPTERYGII (BONY FISHES).
DR   EMBL; X89920. mRNA; beta-actin
XX
SN   [3]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.CTEID
SL   917.
OS   CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLA (GRASS CARP).
TX   ACTINOPTERYGII (BONY FISHES).
DR   EMBL; M25013. gene; beta-actin
XX
SN   [4]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.CYPCA
SL   696.
OS   CYPRINUS CARPIO (COMMON CARP).
TX   ACTINOPTERYGII (BONY FISHES).
DR   EMBL; M24113. gene; beta-actin
XX
SN   [5]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.CHICK
SL   871.
OS   GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
TX   SAUROPSIDA (BIRDS AND REPTILES).
DR   EMBL; X00182. gene; beta-actin
XX
SN   [6]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.HUMAN
SL   646.
OS   HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
TX   MAMMALIA.
DR   EMBL; M10277. gene; beta-actin
DR   EMBL; X63432. mRNA; 
DR   EMBL; X00351. mRNA; 
XX
SN   [7]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.RABIT
SL   636.
OS   ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS (RABBIT).
TX   MAMMALIA.
DR   EMBL; X60733. mRNA; beta-actin 
XX
SN   [8]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.MOUSE
SL   684.
OS   MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
TX   MAMMALIA.
DR   EMBL; X03672. mRNA; beta-actin
DR   EMBL; J04181. mRNA; 
XX
SN   [9]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.RAT
SL   966.
OS   RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
TX   MAMMALIA.
DR   EMBL; V01217. gene; cytoplasmic beta-actin
DR   EMBL; J00691. gene; 
XX
SN   [10]
SI   ACTB_3UT.1.CRIGR
SL   1107.
OS   CRICETULUS GRISEUS (CHINESE HAMSTER).
TX   MAMMALIA.
DR   EMBL; U20114. gene; beta-actin
XX
FT   3'UTR           1..787
FT   misc_feature    1..57
FT                   /note="RNA zipcode"
FT                   /function="responsible for mRNA intracellular localization"
FT                   /citation=[4]
FT   HCR310          41..64
FT                   /name="HCR310_1"
FT                   /average_identity="69.3 %"
FT                   /score="73"
FT   HCR400          103..134
FT                   /name="HCR400_2"
FT                   /average_identity="79.7 %"
FT                   /score="95"
FT   HCR310          111..137
FT                   /name="HCR310_3"
FT                   /average_identity="96.3 %"
FT                   /score="126"
FT   HCR310          197..285
FT                   /name="HCR310_4"
FT                   /average_identity="69.9 %"
FT                   /score="215"
FT   HCR400          203..280
FT                   /name="HCR400_5"
FT                   /average_identity="70.3 %"
FT                   /score="193"
FT   HCR400          281..355
FT                   /name="HCR400_6"
FT                   /average_identity="53.1 %"
FT                   /score="91"
FT   HCR310          291..360
FT                   /name="HCR310_7"
FT                   /average_identity="77.2 %"
FT                   /score="174"
FT   misc_feature    304..346
FT                   /note="RNA zipcode"
FT                   /function="responsible for mRNA intracellular localization"
FT                   /citation=[4]
FT   HCR400          399..445
FT                   /name="HCR400_8"
FT                   /average_identity="73.7 %"
FT                   /score="139"
FT   HCR310          399..444
FT                   /name="HCR310_9"
FT                   /average_identity="73.8 %"
FT                   /score="137"
FT   HCR310          527..585
FT                   /name="HCR310_10"
FT                   /average_identity="73.8 %"
FT                   /score="143"
FT   HCR310          709..782
FT                   /name="HCR310_11"
FT                   /average_identity="71.2 %"
FT                   /score="176"
FT   HCR400          721..785
FT                   /name="HCR400_12"
FT                   /average_identity="66.8 %"
FT                   /score="120"
FT   misc_feature    728..766
FT                   /note="transcriptional regulator"
FT                   /citation=[2]
FT   polyA_signal    760..765
//