Specialized structural databases - Small compounds
The RPBS platform is able to screen databases of small chemical compounds to identify potential hits that could block the active site or exosite of a target protein. At present, they perform this so-called virtual screening only for protein targets and in 3D (i.e, the small molecules and the protein target are in 3D while screening when the structure of the protein target is not known is also possible).
The process is as follows:
Large banks of chemicals, commercially available, are generated. These small molecules were initially filtered such as to remove as much as possible compounds with undesirable elements, functional groups...
The compounds, in 1D, were transformed in 3D and up to 50 conformers were generated for each compound in order to allow rigid body docking...
The 3D structure of the protein target is analyzed and drugable pockets are screened.
About 1 million compounds are screened per day, re-docked (the ligand is then flexible), ranked and re-ranked with different scoring functions. Such a process takes about 1-2 months or more.
A list of 100 to 2000 compounds is proposed, resulting from in silico analysis, for further experimental testing.
Many databases and tools used during the process are available online :
databases from different vendors
ADME-Tox (poor absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination (ADME) or toxicity) filtering for small compounds. Based on a set of elementary rules.
LogP (octanol-water partition), OpenBabel (sequence format conversion), JME (graphic editor)...